C++ Primer Plus章节编程练习第四章

1

题目

  编写一个C++程序,如下述输出示例所示的那样请求并显示信息:

What is your first name? Betty Sue
What is your last name? Yewe
What letter grade do you deserve? B
What is your age? 22
Name: Yewe, Betty Sue
Grade: C
Age: 22

  注意,该程序应该接受的名字包含多个单词。另外,程序将向下调整成绩,即向上调-一个字母。假设用户请求A、B或C,所以不必担心D和F之间的空档。

题解

#include<iostream>
#include<string>
using namespace std;
struct person{
    string first_name;
    string last_name;
    int age;
    char grade;
};
int main(){
    person pone;
    cout<<"What is your first name?";
    getline(cin,pone.first_name);
    cout<<"What is your last name?";
    cin>>pone.last_name;
    cin.get();
    cout<<"What letter grade do you deserve?";
    cin>>pone.grade;
    cout<<"What is your age?";
    cin>>pone.age;
    cout<<"Name: "<<pone.last_name<<", "<<pone.first_name<<endl;
    cout<<"Grade: "<<pone.grade+1<<endl;
    cout<<"Age: "<<pone.age<<endl;
    return 0;
}

2

题目

  修改程序清单4.4,使用C++ string类而不是char数组。

题解

#include<iostream>
#include<string>
int main(){
    using namespace std;
    string name,dessert;
    cout<<"Enter your name:\n";
    getline(cin,name);
    cout<<"Enter your favorite dessert:\n";
    getline(cin,dessert);
    cout<<"I have some delicious "<<dessert;
    cout<<" for you, "<<name<<".\n";
    return 0;
}

3

题目

  编写一个程序,它要求用户首先输入其名,然后输入其姓:然后程序使用一个逗号和空格将姓和名组合起来,并存储和显示组合结果。请使用char数组和头文件cstring中的函数。下面是该程序运行时的情形:

Enter your first name: Flip
Enter your last name: Fleming
Here's the information in a single string: Fleming, Flip 

题解

#include<iostream>
#include<cstring>
using namespace std;
int main(){
    const int SIZE=20;
    char first_name[SIZE]={};
    char last_name[SIZE]={};
    cout<<"Enter your first name: ";
    cin.getline(first_name,SIZE);
    cout<<"Enter your last name: ";
    cin.getline(last_name,SIZE);
    cout<<"Here's the information in a single string: "
        <<last_name<<", "<<first_name<<endl;
    return 0;
}

4

题目

  编写一个程序,它要求用户首先输入其名,再输入其姓;然后程序使用一个逗号和空格将姓和名组合起来,并存储和显示组合结果。请使用string对象和头文件string中的函数。下面是该程序运行时的情形:

Enter your first name: Flip
Enter your last name: Fleming
Here's the information in a single string: Fleming, Flip 

题解

#include<iostream>
#include<string>
using namespace std;
int main(){
    string first_name,last_name;
    cout<<"Enter your first name: ";
    getline(cin,first_name);
    cout<<"Enter your last name: ";
    getline(cin,last_name);
    cout<<"Here's the information in a single string: "
        <<last_name<<", "<<first_name<<endl;
    return 0;
}

5

题目

  结构CandyBar包含3个成员。第一个成员存储了糖块的品牌:第二个成员存储糖块的重量(可以有小数);第三个成员存储了糖块的卡路里含量(整数)。请编写一个程序,声明这个结构,创建一个名为snack的CandyBar变量,并将其成员分别初始化为“Mocha Munch"、 2.3和350。初始化应在声明snack时进行。最后,程序显示snack变量的内容。

题解

#include<iostream>
#include<string>
using namespace std;
struct CandyBar{
    string name;
    double weight;
    int car;
};
int main(){
    CandyBar snack={
        "Mocha Munch",
        2.3,
        350
    };
    cout<<"Name: "<<snack.name<<endl;
    cout<<"Weight: "<<snack.weight<<endl;
    cout<<"Calories: "<<snack.car<<endl;
    return 0;
}

6

题目

  结构CandyBar包含3个成员,如编程练习5所示。请编写一个程序,创建一个包含3个元素的CandyBar数组,并将它们初始化为所选择的值,然后显示每个结构的内容。

题解

#include<iostream>
#include<string>
using namespace std;
struct CandyBar{
    string name;
    double weight;
    int car;
};
int main(){
    CandyBar snack[3]={
        {"Mocha Munch",2.3,350},
        {"Mocha Munah",2.4,360},
        {"Mocha Munbh",2.5,370}
    };
    for(int i=0;i<3;i++){
        cout<<"Name: "<<snack[i].name<<endl;
        cout<<"Weight: "<<snack[i].weight<<endl;
        cout<<"Calories: "<<snack[i].car<<endl;
    }
    return 0;
}

7

题目

  William Wingate从事比萨饼分析服务。对于每个披萨饼,他都需要记录下列信息:
  ● 披萨饼公司的名称,可以有多个单词组成。
  ● 披萨饼的直径。
  ● 披萨饼的重量。
  请设计一个能够存储这些信息的结构,并编写一个使用这种结构变量的程序。程序将请求用户输入上述信息,然后显示这些信息。请使用cin (或它的方法)和cout:

题解

#include<iostream>
#include<string>
using namespace std;
struct piza{
    string name;
    double diameter;
    double weight;
};
int main(){
    piza mypiza;
    cout<<"Enter the name of the piza: ";
    getline(cin,mypiza.name);
    cout<<"Enter the diameter of the piza: ";
    cin>>mypiza.diameter;
    cout<<"Enter the weight of the piza: ";
    cin>>mypiza.weight;
    cout<<"The name of the piza: "<<mypiza.name<<endl;
    cout<<"The diameter of the piza: "<<mypiza.diameter<<endl;
    cout<<"The weight of the piza: "<<mypiza.weight<<endl;
    return 0;
}

8

题目

  完成编程练习7,但使用new来为结构分配内存,而不是声明一个结构变量。另外,让程序在请求输入比萨饼公司名称之前输入比萨饼的直径。

题解

#include<iostream>
#include<string>
using namespace std;
struct piza{
    string name;
    double diameter;
    double weight;
};
int main(){
    piza *mypizap=new piza;
    cout<<"Enter the diameter of the piza: ";
    cin>>mypizap->diameter;
    cin.get();                                      //接收字符串之前要先吸收回车
    cout<<"Enter the name of the piza: ";
    getline(cin,mypizap->name);
    cout<<"Enter the weight of the piza: ";
    cin>>mypizap->weight;
    cout<<"The name of the piza: "<<mypizap->name<<endl;
    cout<<"The diameter of the piza: "<<mypizap->diameter<<endl;
    cout<<"The weight of the piza: "<<mypizap->weight<<endl;
    return 0;
}

9

题目

  完成编程练习6,但使用new来动态分配数组,而不是声明一个包含3个元素的CandyBar数组。

题解

#include<iostream>
#include<string>
using namespace std;
struct CandyBar{
    string name;
    double weight;
    int car;
};
int main(){
    CandyBar *snack=new CandyBar[3];
    for(int i=0;i<3;i++){
        cout<<"Enter the Name of CandyBar: ";
        getline(cin,snack[i].name);
        cout<<"Enter the Weight of CandyBar: ";
        cin>>snack[i].weight;  cin.get();
        cout<<"Enter the Calories of CandyBar: ";
        cin>>snack[i].car;  cin.get();
    }
    for(int i=0;i<3;i++){
        cout<<"Name: "<<snack[i].name<<endl;
        cout<<"Weight: "<<snack[i].weight<<endl;
        cout<<"Calories: "<<snack[i].car<<endl;
    }
    return 0;
}

10

题目

  编写一个程序,让用户输入三次40码跑的成绩(如果您愿意,也可让用户输入40米跑的成绩),并显示次数和平均成绩。请使用一个array对象来存储数据(如果编译器不支持array类,请使用数组)。

题解

#include<iostream>
#include<array>
using namespace std;
int main(){
    array<int,3> scores;
    int sum=0;
    for(int i=0;i<3;i++){
        cout<<"Please enter your score of the 40m run: ";
        cin>>scores[i];
        sum+=scores[i];
    }
    cout<<"The average score of your 3 times run is: "<<1.0*sum/3<<endl;
    return 0;
}

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